The ipaddress module includes classes for working with IPv4 and IPv6 network addresses. The classes support validation, finding addresses and hosts on a network, and other common operations
1. Address
The most basic object represents the network address itself. Pass a string, integer, or byte sequence to ip_address() to construct an address. The return value will be a IPv4Address or IPv6Address instance, depending on the type of address being used.
import ipaddress
ADDRESSES = ['192.168.1.1', '8.8.8.8', '145.6.7.178', 'fdfd:87b5:b475:5e3e:b1bc:e121:a8eb:14aa']
for ip in ADDRESSES:
addr = ipaddress.ip_address(ip)
print('{!r}'.format(addr))
print(addr)
print(f'IP Verison: {addr.version}')
print(f'is private: {addr.is_private}')
print(f'Integer: {int(addr)}')
print()
IPv4Address('192.168.1.1')
192.168.1.1
IP Verison: 4
is private: True
Integer: 3232235777
IPv4Address('8.8.8.8')
8.8.8.8
IP Verison: 4
is private: False
Integer: 134744072
IPv4Address('145.6.7.178')
145.6.7.178
IP Verison: 4
is private: False
Integer: 2433091506
IPv6Address('fdfd:87b5:b475:5e3e:b1bc:e121:a8eb:14aa')
fdfd:87b5:b475:5e3e:b1bc:e121:a8eb:14aa
IP Verison: 6
is private: True
Integer: 337611086560236126439725644408160982186
2. Networks
It should be only network address with a subnetmask or prefix-length.
NETWORKS = ['10.67.100.0/255.255.255.0', '8.8.8.0/24', 'fdfd:87b5:b475:5e3e::/64']
for n in NETWORKS:
net = ipaddress.ip_network(n)
print('{!r}'.format(net))
print(net)
print(f'is private: {net.is_private}')
print(f'broadcast: {net.broadcast_address}')
print(f'compressed: {net.compressed}')
print(f'with netmask: {net.with_netmask}')
print(f'with hostmask: {net.with_hostmask}')
print(f'number of addreses: {net.num_addresses}')
print()
10.67.100.0/24
is private: True
broadcast: 10.67.100.255
compressed: 10.67.100.0/24
with netmask: 10.67.100.0/255.255.255.0
with hostmask: 10.67.100.0/0.0.0.255
number of addreses: 256
8.8.8.0/24
is private: False
broadcast: 8.8.8.255
compressed: 8.8.8.0/24
with netmask: 8.8.8.0/255.255.255.0
with hostmask: 8.8.8.0/0.0.0.255
number of addreses: 256
fdfd:87b5:b475:5e3e::/64
is private: True
broadcast: fdfd:87b5:b475:5e3e:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff
compressed: fdfd:87b5:b475:5e3e::/64
with netmask: fdfd:87b5:b475:5e3e::/ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::
with hostmask: fdfd:87b5:b475:5e3e::/::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff
number of addreses: 18446744073709551616
A network instance is iterable, and yields the addresses on the network.
NETWORKS = ['10.0.0.0/30', '192.168.100.0/29']
for n in NETWORKS:
net = ipaddress.ip_network(n)
print('{!r}'.format(net))
for host in net:
print(host)
print()
IPv4Network('10.0.0.0/30')
10.0.0.0
10.0.0.1
10.0.0.2
10.0.0.3
IPv4Network('192.168.100.0/29')
192.168.100.0
192.168.100.1
192.168.100.2
192.168.100.3
192.168.100.4
192.168.100.5
192.168.100.6
192.168.100.7
The base address of the network and the broadcast address are both included. To find the addresses that can be used by regular hosts on the network, use the hosts() method, which produces a generator.
NETWORKS = ['10.0.0.0/30', '192.168.100.0/29']
for n in NETWORKS:
net = ipaddress.ip_network(n)
print('{!r}'.format(net))
for host in net.hosts():
print(host)
print()
IPv4Network('10.0.0.0/30')
10.0.0.1
10.0.0.2
IPv4Network('192.168.100.0/29')
192.168.100.1
192.168.100.2
192.168.100.3
192.168.100.4
192.168.100.5
192.168.100.6
NETWORKS = [ipaddress.ip_network(net) for net in ['10.0.0.0/30', '192.168.100.0/29']]
ADDRESSES = [ipaddress.ip_address(addr) for addr in ['10.0.0.2', '10.0.0.5', '192.168.100.5', '192.168.100.10']]
for ip in ADDRESSES:
for net in NETWORKS:
if ip in net:
print(f'{ip} is in subnet {net}')
else:
print(f'{ip} is not in subnet {net}')
10.0.0.2 is in subnet 10.0.0.0/30
10.0.0.2 is not in subnet 192.168.100.0/29
10.0.0.5 is not in subnet 10.0.0.0/30
10.0.0.5 is not in subnet 192.168.100.0/29
192.168.100.5 is not in subnet 10.0.0.0/30
192.168.100.5 is in subnet 192.168.100.0/29
192.168.100.10 is not in subnet 10.0.0.0/30
192.168.100.10 is not in subnet 192.168.100.0/29
3. Interface
A network interface represents a specific address on a network and can be represented by a host address and a network prefix or netmask.
ADDRESSES = ['192.168.1.1/27', '8.8.8.8/32', '145.6.7.178/29', 'fdfd:87b5:b475:5e3e:b1bc:e121:a8eb:14aa/64']
for ip in ADDRESSES:
iface = ipaddress.ip_interface(ip)
print('{!r}'.format(iface))
print(f'network:\n {iface.network}')
print(f'ip:\n {iface.ip}')
print(f'IP with prefixlen:\n {iface.with_prefixlen}')
print(f'netmask:\n {iface.with_netmask}')
print(f'hostmask:\n {iface.with_hostmask}')
print()
IPv4Interface('192.168.1.1/27')
network:
192.168.1.0/27
ip:
192.168.1.1
IP with prefixlen:
192.168.1.1/27
netmask:
192.168.1.1/255.255.255.224
hostmask:
192.168.1.1/0.0.0.31
IPv4Interface('8.8.8.8/32')
network:
8.8.8.8/32
ip:
8.8.8.8
IP with prefixlen:
8.8.8.8/32
netmask:
8.8.8.8/255.255.255.255
hostmask:
8.8.8.8/0.0.0.0
IPv4Interface('145.6.7.178/29')
network:
145.6.7.176/29
ip:
145.6.7.178
IP with prefixlen:
145.6.7.178/29
netmask:
145.6.7.178/255.255.255.248
hostmask:
145.6.7.178/0.0.0.7
IPv6Interface('fdfd:87b5:b475:5e3e:b1bc:e121:a8eb:14aa/64')
network:
fdfd:87b5:b475:5e3e::/64
ip:
fdfd:87b5:b475:5e3e:b1bc:e121:a8eb:14aa
IP with prefixlen:
fdfd:87b5:b475:5e3e:b1bc:e121:a8eb:14aa/64
netmask:
fdfd:87b5:b475:5e3e:b1bc:e121:a8eb:14aa/ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::
hostmask:
fdfd:87b5:b475:5e3e:b1bc:e121:a8eb:14aa/::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff
4. Extra Notes
attack_ip_addresses = ['85.4.5.6', '172.32.4.90', '100.1.1.1', '8.1.1.2', '20.5.1.2', '30.30.5.5', '192.168.0.1', '10.1.1.1']
new = [x for x in attack_ip_addresses if ipaddress.ip_address(x).is_global and ipaddress.ip_address(x).version == 4]
print (new)
['85.4.5.6', '172.32.4.90', '100.1.1.1', '8.1.1.2', '20.5.1.2', '30.30.5.5']
ip = ipaddress.ip_address('fe80::3')
print(ip.version)
print(ip.is_private)
print(ip.is_link_local)
6
True
True
subnet_of_IP = list(ipaddress.ip_network('192.0.2.0/28').subnets(new_prefix=30))
print(subnet_of_IP)
print(subnet_of_IP[0].compressed)
print(type(subnet_of_IP[0].compressed))
[IPv4Network('192.0.2.0/30'), IPv4Network('192.0.2.4/30'), IPv4Network('192.0.2.8/30'), IPv4Network('192.0.2.12/30')]
192.0.2.0/30
<class 'str'>
for host in subnet_of_IP[0]:
print(host)
192.0.2.0
192.0.2.1
192.0.2.2
192.0.2.3
subnet_of_IP[0]
IPv4Network('192.0.2.0/30')